FARMING

OK, let me start off by saying that I know nothing about farming (well a smidgen, it involves growing plants and animals to feed and cloth us). Actually it is this smidgen that I want to expand.

Farming since the introduction of the EU Common Agricultural Policy would seem to have been tremendously successful. No shortages in the shops, reasonably stable prices. But the environmental cost cannot be offset by set aside and other environmental schemes.

This is ridiculous. It is like asking 10% of people to walk/cycle whilst everyone else pollutes the air, and expecting them to thrive. So Johnson stop the political games with farms. Let us have a policy which ensures sustainability for the crops/animals and the wildlife; for the whole countryside. Too many species are seeing reductions by huge %’s – some might be due to global warming (and here again farming plays its part) – but I suspect most is down to farming practises?

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS

I was thinking about why a c-b a for Covid restrictions would not be valid.

So firstly a look at costs of a lockdown. presumably an economic figure can be calculated with reasonable accuracy (Unemployment and welfare costs plus loss of tax income). Add on reduced tax from firms with reduced capacity (e.g. Airlines). I am sure this is a considerable cost. Then there is the social cost of isolation and measures on mental welfare. And the benefits of a lockdown are much more difficult to calculate – lower costs for NHS. Maybe some small environmental gains. I would calculate the cost of Tier 3 for the whole nation at about £40 billion (back of an envelope).

Costs of opening up economy. Economically it is probably fairer to calculate the reduction in economic costs as there will still be restrictions. Costs of increased pressure on NHS and reduced capacity for other things can probably be calculated – I have no idea of the cost a covid patient per day? Or the economic cost of a death at different ages, or the impacts of long covid. Just as lockdown creates mental health problems, the converse is also true with people being worried about being outside with lack of observance of safety rules. The social cost of deaths is also un-quantifiable. From what we hqve4 seen so far it would seem that any opening up of the economy will be met with a strict lockdown soon after.

Whilst the economic impacts maybe retrieved in the long term, the social costs cannot. Which leads to the final point. Vaccines are on their way – so probably 4/5 months more of restrictions before a return to some sort of normality.

But also remember that the more we intrude into the natural world, the more likely it is that further virus outbreaks will occur (AIDS, SARS, BIRD FLU, etc.).

Maybe it is time to increase the aid budget in an attempt to reduce the discrepancies in wealth between countries. This would reduce the population explosion in Africa and South Asia. In turn this would reduce the environmental pressure on habitats. We should also invest in using our land more sustainably. I feel a new post coming on!

KOMBUCHA

I am quite excited as Martin is getting me a SCOBY to start making my own kombucha. And some festive jokes!

What did Santa do when he went speed dating? He pulled a cracker! Why was the turkey in the pop group? Because he was the only one with drumsticks! What do you get if you cross Santa with a duck? A Christmas Quacker! What goes “Oh, Oh, Oh”? Santa walking backwards! Why was the snowman looking through the carrots? He was picking his nose! Why does Santa have three gardens? So he can ‘ho ho ho’! Recipes on next page

COVID STATS

Again interesting. Areas in Tier 3 with pub shut downs have all had significant reductions in cases. Eastern England has seen big rises – due to shopping? So locked own seems to work, but coming out of lockdown as in Wales seems to have made things worse! 2 weeks is obviously not enough. Should Bristol and North Somerset come down a tier – I would say no. Lets get the rate down to below 50 first.

CAKES AND BAKES

I am new to this game. But looking at a variety of recipes am I correct in thinking that butter, flour and sugar should be in approximately equal amounts. Obviously the type of each fat (olive oil), flour and sweetener (honey or alternative). can change. Then 3 eggs to 180g. Teaspoon of baking powder and or bicarb?. Oven at 170C.

Then if that is the base there is a topping which can obviously be anything but ideas are mascarpone or cream cheese for less sweet option. Vanilla extract, rosewater, orange and lemon zest. basically these recipes seem like my cookie recipes without the oats. Being xmas I tend to add nutmeg and cinnamon and ginger.

Baked apricots with lemon verbena.

500g apricots halved and stoned: Handful of lemon verbena leaves Left to infuse in 700ml boiling water for 10minutes. 3 tbs honey, 1 star anise and one vanilla pod (if you can afford one!). Pour over apricots and spice and then bake for 40 mins at 180C. Cool, chill and serve with cream or yogurt.

A GEOGRAPHY OF COVID

The graphs below are fascinating. They show the prevalence of covid geographically. To read full article click here

Graph showing Covid-19 deaths per 100,000 people by area type
Source: ONS data for England and Wales.
Notes: Age-standardised mortality rates with 95% confidence intervals. Area types: 1: Major conurbation; 2: Minor conurbation; 3: Urban city/town; 4: Rural town/city; 5: Rural town/fringe; 6: Sparse rural town/fringe; 7: Village; 8: Sparse village; 9: Hamlets; 10: Sparse hamlets

There are 4 main reasons for these discrepancies.1. Population density. 2. Transport Networks. 3. Crowded housing. 4. Industry and occupational structure.

As the figures show deaths it is surprising to see just how high major conurbation are as they have a generally younger population. The older population in hamlets might explain area 9, although it could also be due to commuting for shopping, work, etc.?